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Jul
17

Publishing Poetry in the Age of Technology

 poetry, publishing, Print on Demand (POD), ebooks
Since my life began in 1948, there have been four revolutionary advances in technology that greatly impacted the writing life:
  • The debut of the IBM Selectric, self-correcting electric typewriter (1970s)
  • The personal computer becoming widely available and affordable (1980s)
  • The creation and growth of the internet to widespread use (1990s)
  • The growth of Print on Demand (POD) services that made it affordable to publish (2000s)
These dates are not given for precision. The legwork, research, and technological development for each was done well before the year these technologies became common. Each of these innovations will be discussed briefly below because none of them are dead. Some writers even today still use typewriters instead of computers, though this is certainly the exception to the rule.


The IBM Selectric

How many of you are old enough to remember White-Out? Before self-correcting typewriters, one had to dab some white liquid on the paper over a typing mistake, blow on it or wait for the stuff to dry, reposition the page and return carriage for retyping, then finally whack the keys to make a correction. The result of a correction was not always perfect, though some of us got the hang of it better than others.

The Selectric, if you could afford it, changed all that. Secretaries fell in love and found their typing speed increased dramatically when they didn’t have to stop long for mistakes. If a typo occurred, you simply pressed a special key on the keyboard to go into correction mode. This moved the carriage back one space (or multiple spaces if you kept pressing the special key), and it applied a quick-drying powder to the character underneath. Once positioned, you simply typed the character you meant to in the first place and magically the mistake was gone. Some of the later Selectrics had a bit of memory so that you could correct multiple letters, words, or even phrases. Quite an innovation!

But you ain’t seen nothing yet.


The Personal Computer

Far superior to the click-and-clack, jammed-key method of a typewriter, the personal computer (PC) made it easy to type documents and just as easy to correct or revise them. The PC had another big advantage: memory. When computers first hit the market, a few of them sported a whopping 64 kilobytes of memory. Why, that behemouth could hold an entire page in memory!

The PC not only had memory, it had storage as well. You could save maybe a hundred pages to a disk drive for later reading, revision, or printing out on two other newly available technologies: the dot matrix and daisy wheel printers. A word processing program, usually WordStar, was used to create documents and allowed you to add fancy-smancy attributes such as bold or italic type.

What more could a poet or writer want? . . . Lots more . . .


The Internet

The internet and the World Wide Web were not new ideas by the time most people heard of them. Like many new things, it sometimes takes decades for an idea to become common knowledge and commonly applied. The internet first became usable by personal computer owners and offices in the 1990s, though many neighborhoods could not get internet service until the middle of the decade. At that time, service usually was neither cheap nor reliable.

Since then, the internet itself has spawned numerous related technologies and cottage industries. It has created everything from giant online companies, such as Amazon, to mom and pop businesses, to personal websites showing family pictures to the world. Through the internet, anyone can sell, buy, preach, politicize, publish, inform, misinform, or just engage with an international audience of readers and consumers.

The future of the internet is wide open. Improvements in features, software, and speed are ongoing developments. In 10 years, there’s no telling what the internet will look like, though some things are easy to predict. Just as you can get internet service now on your smart phone, in the future you’ll be able to get almost everything through your TV. The technology is already there; it’s just a matter of time before it becomes widespread.

What use is the internet for poets and writers? It’s a godsend. Poets and writers can publish their work on their own websites. They can commiserate with fellow poets on the internet’s social and business networks, such as Facebook, Linkedin, Google, etc. Best of all, they can submit their writings to thousands of magazines and publishers via email or other electronic means–saving a lot of time and postage. Before submitting, they can visit publishers’ and magazines’ websites to see samples of what kinds of material those publishers want. The advantages of the internet for poets and writers are too numerous to list here, but greater detail is forthcoming in future installments of this blog.

What use is the internet for publishers? It’s revolutionary. Publishers can set up websites quickly and offer their books and magazines for sale. Or they can create online magazines free and open to the public, or set up subscription-based publications. They can bulk email readers and customers who have subscribed to their mail lists about new titles or special sales of books and magazines. They can set up their own discussion forums or participate in thousands of other forums that provide a wealth of information. They can set up group pages for their publishing houses on Facebook, Linkedin, Google, etc., so that interested readers are kept up-to-date on the activities of the press. This alone saves thousands of dollars in advertising costs. Wouldn’t you agree that’s revolutionary?


Print on Demand

First, let’s define what is Print on Demand (POD). It is a printing method that allows production of one or more books at a time. Thus, a publisher, for instance, does not have to keep a large inventory of books that may never sell. In the POD world a book remains in print until its owner or author decides to take it off the market.

Many publishers, including my own FutureCycle Press, have gone exclusively to POD for their printed materials. My press now has 20 book and anthology titles produced with POD technology. Not only is this method cheaper than conventional offset printing, at least for small numbers, but it also has distribution advantages discussed below. Authors are using POD to self-publish for many of the same reasons as publishers.

How do you go about publishing a POD book? First, you need to select a POD service company to produce your book. There are many such companies now, but buyer beware. Each has its advantages and disadvantages. I have used several of these services and do not have any hesitancy to deliver my verdict on which ones I think are the best. I have learned the lesson the hard and expensive way, unfortunately. Of course, your experience may differ from mine with any particular POD company.

A few years ago I would have recommended Lulu.com as the company of choice. Over the years, however, they have become too expensive and, worse, unreliable in quality. Technical and customer support are awful.

Cutting to the chase, based on circumstances at the time of this writing, I recommend either Createspace.com or Lightningsource.com. The former is better for most publishers or authors. The latter is the more expensive. The only disadvantage I have found with Createspace is that it does not allow text on the spine for books under 120 pages. That mostly affects poetry books, since they tend to fall in the 40- to 80-page range. FutureCycle Press, however, has decided this limitation is well offset by numerous other advantages of CreateSpace.

The typical method of producing a book follows these general steps:
  1. After selecting your POD provider, create an account on its website (these accounts are free).
  2. Prepare your book for production. Most POD providers offer templates for Microsoft Word and other applications that contain the formatting required by the POD service. Usually, there is a template for the interior of the book and another for the cover. You need to download those templates to ensure you have the proper page size and margins required. Once you download the book interior template, you simply open it and type in (or cut and paste) the text for your book.
  3. After you have finished preparing your book for production, you are ready to upload it (book interior and cover files) to the POD provider. Log in to your account and follow the instructions for uploading your files and for entering other related information, such as description, ISBN, publisher info, price, etc.
  4. Select one or more distribution methods. Most POD providers offer optional services to get your book distributed to retail catalogs and other marketing lists. I highly recommend that you select a distribution method that at least gets your book listed on Amazon. Createspace offers a "Pro Plan” ($39 per title) that not only includes Amazon but also other retailers; e.g., Barnes & Noble, etc. It is well worth the price.
  5. Assuming your uploaded files meet requirements, you should then order one proof copy. When the proof arrives, inspect it carefully. If it is okay, you are ready to publish the book.
  6. Publishing (releasing to the public) is usually accomplished by clicking a link or button on the POD provider’s website.
Another great advantage of POD publishing is that you do not have to fulfill orders. That is handled by your POD provider, whether someone orders the book directly from the POD provider or from other sources such as Amazon. As a publisher or author, you need only purchase enough copies to cover your upcoming events: workshops, book festivals, readings, etc.

Publishing your book is only one step. You need also to make it available to others. Most POD companies automatically create an order page for you and will handle the sales directly. However, you may want to set up order pages with more options and information. One of the best ways is to set up your own website (or blog) and create an order page for your book. You can link to Amazon, for example, or one or more other places. It is free and easy to set up a blog site. It is also easy to find an inexpensive web host for any type of website. A web presence of some kind is vital in today’s marketplace.

There is much more to be covered on the topics above. Future installments of this blog will focus on each in turn, with more detail, how-to, and how-not-to. One of those topics, related to both the internet and the personal computer, will include the publishing of ebooks, which now amounts to the majority of Amazon’s book sales.

Robert S. King
 

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